The Higher Education System

Higher Education in Italy is based on a system in which universities are expected to fulfill the twin tasks of teaching and research. Academic autonomy and freedom are not only inherent aspects of this approach but are also guaranteed by our Italian law. The organization of academic degrees lies as follows:

• The first cycle (Laurea) has a 3-year duration for a total of 180 ECTS*. It is equivalent to a Bachelor of Science Degree (UK);
• The second cycle (Laurea Specialistica/Laurea Magistrale) has a 2-year duration for a total of 120 ECTS. It It is equivalent to a Master of Science Degree (UK);
• The third cycle (Dottorato) has a 3-year duration for a total of 180 ECTS. It leads to a PhD equivalent;
• On top of the first cycle, the Italian system provides a 1-year course (minimum of 60 ECTS) leading to a 1st level Specializing Master;
• On top of the second cycle, the Italian system provides a 1-year course (minimum of 60 ECTS) leading to a 2nd level Specializing Master.
  The ECTS credit system has been conceived to make studies more oriented towards students, reducing the gap between the official and real length of courses as well as lowering the drop-out rate.

The main characteristics of this system are the following ones:

• Credits represent a student’s total workload (class time, individual study, exam preparation, practical work etc.); one credit is equivalent to 25 hours.
  The average full-time workload for one academic year is 60 credits which is equivalent to 1500 hours.
• The amount of time reserved for individual learning or other individual educational and training activities must not be lower than 50%, except for those courses that include practical or laboratory work.
• Credits are earned once the student has passed the assessment for each course or activity.
• The total or partial recognition of credits obtained by students wishing to continue their studies in a different degree program or different institution is at the discretion of the educational authority, in accordance with the criteria and procedures of each university teaching regulations.
• The teaching regulations of each university can provide for regular reassessment of credit allocation and indicate the minimum number of credits that must be achieved within a fixed period of time (in case of full or part-time studies).
• Universities can recognize credits for professional skills and experience, according to the regulations, as well as other skills and knowledge acquired in post-secondary level courses that have been set up and taught in collaboration with the university.